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प्रकाशन

वर्ष 2023-24 की चौथी तिमाही (Q4) के लिए विनिर्माण क्षेत्र का औद्योगिक परिदृश्य सर्वेक्षण

भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक ने आज त्रैमासिक औद्योगिक परिदृश्य सर्वेक्षण (आइओएस) के 105वें दौर के परिणाम जारी किये। इस सर्वेक्षण में वर्ष 2023-24 की चौथी तिमाही के लिए भारतीय विनिर्माण कंपनियों द्वारा कारोबार के परिवेश का गुणात्मक मूल्यांकन और वर्ष 2024-251 की पहली तिमाही के लिए उक्त कंपनियों की अपेक्षाओं के साथ-साथ आगामी दो तिमाहियों के लिए चयनित मापदंडों पर उनके आउटलुक को समाहित किया गया है। जनवरी से मार्च 2024 की अवधि के दौरान किए गए सर्वेक्षण के इस दौर में कुल 1,354 कंपनियों ने प्रत्युत्तर दिए।

विशेष:

क. चौथी तिमाही (Q4) 2023-24 का मूल्यांकन

  • निर्माताओं ने Q4:2023-24 के लिए उत्पादन, ऑर्डर बुक, क्षमता उपयोग और समग्र व्यावसायिक स्थिति के आकलन में बेहतर मांग की स्थिति की सूचना दी (सारणी - ए)।

  • उत्तरदाताओं ने पिछली तिमाही की तुलना में रोजगार की स्थिति में सुधार का आकलन किया।

  • Q4:2023-24 के दौरान इनपुट लागत का दबाव बढ़ गया; हालाँकि, पारिश्रमिक में वृद्धि की गति धीमी रही।

  • पिछले सर्वेक्षण दौर की तुलना में कुछ सुधार के साथ, समग्र वित्तीय स्थिति और वित्त की उपलब्धता पर भावनाएं सकारात्मक रहीं।

  • निर्माताओं ने बिक्री मूल्यों में कम वृद्धि का सर्वेक्षण किया और लाभ मार्जिन में कुछ गिरावट का आकलन किया।

  • विनिर्माण क्षेत्र के लिए व्यवसाय मूल्यांकन सूचकांक (बीएआई)2 2023-24 की चौथी तिमाही में मामूली रूप से बढ़कर 114.2 हो गया, जो पिछली तिमाही में 113.9 था (चार्ट 1)।

ख. पहली तिमाही (Q1) 2024-25 के लिए अपेक्षाएँ

  • निर्माता 2024-25 की पहली तिमाही में मांग की स्थिति को लेकर आशावादी रहे, आधे से अधिक उत्तरदाताओं ने उत्पादन, ऑर्डर बुक और समग्र व्यावसायिक स्थिति में वृद्धि की सूचना दी; हालाँकि, पिछली तिमाही की तुलना में आशावाद कम था, जो कि आंशिक रूप से मौसमी कारक है (सारणी – ए, 1, 2 और 22)।

  • अप्रैल-जून 2024 के दौरान कच्चे माल और वेतन व्यय से लागत दबाव बने रहने की संभावना है।

  • उत्तरदाताओं को मांग की स्थिति के प्रति उनकी अपेक्षाओं के अनुरूप बिक्री मूल्य और लाभ मार्जिन की वृद्धि में कुछ नरमी की उम्मीद है।

  • व्यापार अपेक्षा सूचकांक (बीईआई) 2024-25 की पहली तिमाही में 127.2 पर मजबूती से विकास पथ पर बना रहा, हालांकि यह पिछले सर्वेक्षण दौर में 130.3 के स्तर से कम हो गया (चार्ट 1)।

Chart 1

ग. 2024-25 की दूसरी और तीसरी तिमाही के लिए प्रत्याशाएं

  • उत्पादन, क्षमता उपयोग, ऑर्डर बुक, रोजगार की स्थिति और समग्र व्यावसायिक स्थिति पर निर्माता आशावादी रहे (सारणी बी)।

  • इनपुट लागत का दबाव 2024 के अंत तक जारी रहने की उम्मीद है; 2024-25 की दूसरी और तीसरी तिमाही के दौरान बिक्री मूल्य बरकरार रहने का अनुमान है।

Table A: Summary of Net responses3 on Survey Parameters
(per cent)
Parameters Assessment period Expectation period
Q3:2023-24 Q4:2023-24 Q4:2023-24 Q1:2024:25
Production 29.0 34.4 58.1 54.0
Order Books 26.3 31.8 55.8 51.1
Pending Orders 3.3 6.2 1.1 1.8
Capacity Utilisation 19.6 24.9 46.7 43.6
Inventory of Raw Materials -8.9 -7.3 -25.7 -16.3
Inventory of Finished Goods -9.5 -6.4 -25.3 -16.2
Exports 11.6 15.7 43.6 36.1
Imports 14.5 13.8 41.0 31.1
Employment 18.2 16.8 39.5 29.1
Financial Situation (Overall) 25.6 34.8 54.2 54.0
Availability of Finance (from internal accruals) 23.7 29.9 47.4 44.8
Availability of Finance (from banks & other sources) 23.2 26.1 44.5 40.5
Availability of Finance (from overseas, if applicable) 14.2 15.9 43.9 33.2
Cost of Raw Material -33.4 -43.8 -54.2 -52.8
Cost of Finance -22.5 -24.8 -45.9 -36.3
Salary/ Other Remuneration -26.2 -24.3 -42.0 -51.9
Selling Price 10.2 8.1 34.8 24.7
Profit Margin 1.4 -3.4 30.8 20.0
Overall Business Situation 28.6 35.9 58.3 56.5

Table B: Business Expectations on Select Parameters for extended period – Net response
(per cent)
Parameters Round 104 Round 105
Q4:2023-24 Q1:2024:25 Q2:2024:25 Q3:2024:25
Overall Business Situation 58.3 56.5 57.7 60.8
Production 58.1 54.0 53.6 58.7
Order Books 55.8 51.1 53.8 57.9
Capacity Utilisation 46.7 43.6 51.0 53.6
Employment 39.5 29.1 32.4 33.3
Cost of Raw Materials -54.2 -52.8 -52.0 -53.2
Selling Prices 34.8 24.7 31.3 31.5

Note: Please see the excel file for time series data.

Table 1: Assessment and Expectations for Production
(Percentage responses)@
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 46.3 13.3 40.4 33.0 61.2 3.8 34.9 57.4
Q1:2023-24 1,247 39.6 14.3 46.0 25.3 60.6 5.8 33.6 54.8
Q2:2023-24 1,223 45.2 11.2 43.6 34.0 63.0 5.0 31.9 58.0
Q3:2023-24 1,040 41.2 12.2 46.7 29.0 70.9 5.7 23.4 65.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 46.6 12.3 41.1 34.4 62.3 4.2 33.6 58.1
Q1:2024-25           60.0 6.0 34.0 54.0
‘Increase’ in production is optimistic.
@:Due to rounding off percentage may not add up to 100.

Table 2: Assessment and Expectations for Order Books
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 37.2 11.8 51.0 25.4 63.3 3.9 32.8 59.4
Q1:2023-24 1,247 33.0 11.1 55.9 21.9 54.6 6.8 38.6 47.8
Q2:2023-24 1,223 41.1 10.4 48.5 30.7 63.0 4.8 32.2 58.1
Q3:2023-24 1,040 38.3 12.0 49.7 26.3 68.5 6.1 25.4 62.3
Q4:2023-24 1,354 43.4 11.6 44.9 31.8 61.8 6.0 32.1 55.8
Q1:2024-25           57.1 6.0 36.9 51.1
‘Increase’ in order books is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 3: Assessment and Expectations for Pending Orders
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Above Normal Below Normal Normal Net response Above Normal Below Normal Normal Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 4.2 13.1 82.7 8.9 8.9 10.1 81.0 1.2
Q1:2023-24 1,247 9.2 14.1 76.6 4.9 4.5 8.0 87.5 3.4
Q2:2023-24 1,223 8.6 11.6 79.8 3.1 10.9 9.2 79.9 -1.7
Q3:2023-24 1,040 8.6 11.9 79.4 3.3 9.7 8.5 81.8 -1.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 5.5 11.7 82.8 6.2 8.2 9.3 82.5 1.1
Q1:2024-25           6.4 8.1 85.5 1.8
Pending orders ‘Below Normal’ is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 4: Assessment and Expectations for Capacity Utilisation (Main Product)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 34.3 11.5 54.1 22.8 51.3 4.1 44.6 47.2
Q1:2023-24 1,247 28.5 13.0 58.5 15.5 46.7 5.5 47.8 41.2
Q2:2023-24 1,223 38.2 8.7 53.0 29.5 51.8 5.2 42.9 46.6
Q3:2023-24 1,040 30.1 10.6 59.3 19.6 62.1 4.6 33.3 57.5
Q4:2023-24 1,354 34.9 9.9 55.2 24.9 51.2 4.6 44.2 46.7
Q1:2024-25           48.4 4.8 46.8 43.6
‘Increase’ in capacity utilisation is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 5: Assessment and Expectations for Level of CU (compared to the average in last 4 quarters)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Above Normal Below Normal Normal Net response Above Normal Below Normal Normal Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 19.8 10.5 69.7 9.3 34.7 8.1 57.2 26.7
Q1:2023-24 1,247 31.4 10.4 58.2 21.0 23.7 6.2 70.2 17.5
Q2:2023-24 1,223 30.5 9.0 60.6 21.5 39.0 6.0 55.1 33.0
Q3:2023-24 1,040 26.2 9.4 64.4 16.7 36.1 6.1 57.8 30.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 20.0 10.4 69.6 9.6 33.3 5.7 61.1 27.6
Q1:2024-25           22.5 7.1 70.4 15.4
‘Above Normal’ in Level of capacity utilisation is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 6: Assessment and Expectations for Assessment of Production Capacity (with regard to expected demand in next 6 months)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
More than adequate Less than adequate Adequate Net response More than adequate Less than adequate Adequate Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 17.3 5.7 77.0 11.6 42.7 3.3 53.9 39.4
Q1:2023-24 1,247 25.8 5.7 68.4 20.1 25.3 3.8 70.9 21.5
Q2:2023-24 1,223 23.3 4.0 72.7 19.3 43.4 3.9 52.7 39.5
Q3:2023-24 1,040 25.1 4.7 70.2 20.4 42.7 3.2 54.1 39.5
Q4:2023-24 1,354 17.7 5.6 76.7 12.1 38.5 3.6 57.9 34.9
Q1:2024-25           27.2 4.7 68.1 22.5
‘More than adequate’ in Assessment of Production Capacity is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 7: Assessment and Expectations for Exports
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 25.4 13.3 61.3 12.2 55.5 3.9 40.6 51.5
Q1:2023-24 1,247 30.1 12.5 57.4 17.6 43.0 6.8 50.2 36.2
Q2:2023-24 1,223 27.7 10.0 62.3 17.7 57.9 4.4 37.7 53.5
Q3:2023-24 1,040 25.1 13.5 61.3 11.6 58.1 5.0 36.9 53.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 26.4 10.7 62.9 15.7 50.3 6.7 43.0 43.6
Q1:2024-25           41.6 5.5 52.9 36.1
‘Increase’ in exports is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 8: Assessment and Expectations for Imports
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 22.6 7.3 70.1 15.3 54.3 2.8 42.9 51.5
Q1:2023-24 1,247 28.9 8.6 62.5 20.4 37.4 4.2 58.4 33.2
Q2:2023-24 1,223 25.5 8.2 66.3 17.2 55.8 3.2 41.0 52.6
Q3:2023-24 1,040 23.2 8.7 68.0 14.5 54.8 3.9 41.3 51.0
Q4:2023-24 1,354 21.6 7.8 70.6 13.8 45.2 4.2 50.6 41.0
Q1:2024-25           35.2 4.1 60.7 31.1
‘Increase’ in imports is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 9: Assessment and Expectations for level of Raw Materials Inventory
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Above average Below average Average Net response Above average Below average Average Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 13.1 4.7 82.2 -8.3 32.4 5.6 62.0 -26.8
Q1:2023-24 1,247 13.4 7.1 79.5 -6.3 20.5 2.5 76.9 -18.0
Q2:2023-24 1,223 11.5 5.3 83.2 -6.1 33.0 4.0 63.1 -29.0
Q3:2023-24 1,040 12.9 4.1 83.0 -8.9 30.9 3.6 65.6 -27.3
Q4:2023-24 1,354 13.3 6.0 80.7 -7.3 27.4 1.7 70.9 -25.7
Q1:2024-25           20.2 3.9 75.9 -16.3
‘Below average’ Inventory of raw materials is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 10: Assessment and Expectations for level of Finished Goods Inventory
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Above average Below average Average Net response Above average Below average Average Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 13.3 5.1 81.5 -8.2 31.9 5.8 62.3 -26.1
Q1:2023-24 1,247 14.0 6.8 79.2 -7.2 19.9 2.8 77.3 -17.2
Q2:2023-24 1,223 11.7 4.5 83.7 -7.2 33.2 4.4 62.4 -28.8
Q3:2023-24 1,040 14.0 4.5 81.5 -9.5 31.4 3.3 65.3 -28.2
Q4:2023-24 1,354 12.4 6.0 81.7 -6.4 27.3 2.0 70.7 -25.3
Q1:2024-25           20.1 3.9 75.9 -16.2
‘Below average’ Inventory of finished goods is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 11: Assessment and Expectations for Employment Outlook
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 19.3 7.0 73.7 12.4 39.0 2.5 58.5 36.4
Q1:2023-24 1,247 25.9 9.9 64.2 16.1 29.8 3.1 67.1 26.7
Q2:2023-24 1,223 25.1 7.1 67.7 18.0 43.5 3.0 53.5 40.5
Q3:2023-24 1,040 25.1 6.9 67.9 18.2 42.5 3.7 53.8 38.8
Q4:2023-24 1,354 21.7 4.9 73.4 16.8 41.7 2.2 56.1 39.5
Q1:2024-25           31.3 2.2 66.5 29.1
‘Increase’ in employment is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 12: Assessment and Expectations for Overall Financial Situation
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Better Worsen No change Net response Better Worsen No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 40.2 9.6 50.2 30.6 63.9 3.3 32.8 60.6
Q1:2023-24 1,247 36.6 12.6 50.7 24.0 56.3 3.4 40.3 52.9
Q2:2023-24 1,223 41.6 10.7 47.7 30.9 60.2 3.9 35.9 56.3
Q3:2023-24 1,040 36.8 11.2 52.0 25.6 68.7 5.1 26.2 63.5
Q4:2023-24 1,354 45.0 10.1 44.9 34.8 58.2 4.0 37.8 54.2
Q1:2024-25           59.2 5.2 35.6 54.0
‘Better’ overall financial situation is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 13: Assessment and Expectations for Working Capital Finance Requirement
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 36.4 4.3 59.3 32.1 52.3 1.1 46.5 51.2
Q1:2023-24 1,247 34.8 5.8 59.4 29.1 48.0 1.9 50.0 46.1
Q2:2023-24 1,223 38.4 5.1 56.6 33.3 53.3 2.2 44.4 51.1
Q3:2023-24 1,040 32.8 6.9 60.3 26.0 60.2 2.6 37.3 57.6
Q4:2023-24 1,354 37.5 4.7 57.8 32.8 49.6 2.9 47.6 46.7
Q1:2024-25           46.6 3.0 50.4 43.6
‘Increase’ in working capital finance is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 14: Assessment and Expectations for Availability of Finance (from Internal Accruals)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Improve Worsen No change Net response Improve Worsen No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 33.3 4.5 62.2 28.8 55.2 1.7 43.1 53.5
Q1:2023-24 1,247 33.2 7.4 59.4 25.8 48.7 2.0 49.3 46.6
Q2:2023-24 1,223 37.1 6.3 56.6 30.8 54.4 2.1 43.5 52.3
Q3:2023-24 1,040 30.6 6.9 62.5 23.7 61.6 2.5 35.9 59.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 35.9 6.0 58.0 29.9 49.3 2.0 48.7 47.4
Q1:2024-25           47.7 2.9 49.4 44.8
‘Improvement’ in availability of finance is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 15: Assessment and Expectations for Availability of Finance (from banks and other sources)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Improve Worsen No change Net response Improve Worsen No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 27.8 4.5 67.7 23.3 50.5 1.3 48.2 49.2
Q1:2023-24 1,247 26.5 6.1 67.4 20.4 42.2 2.1 55.7 40.1
Q2:2023-24 1,223 34.9 5.7 59.4 29.1 50.5 1.5 47.9 49.0
Q3:2023-24 1,040 28.8 5.6 65.5 23.2 58.2 2.5 39.3 55.8
Q4:2023-24 1,354 31.2 5.1 63.6 26.1 46.5 2.1 51.4 44.5
Q1:2024-25           43.2 2.8 54.0 40.5
‘Improvement’ in availability of finance is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 16: Assessment and Expectations for Availability of Finance (from overseas, if applicable)
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Improve Worsen No change Net response Improve Worsen No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 11.1 3.6 85.3 7.6 51.3 1.3 47.4 50.1
Q1:2023-24 1,247 23.8 5.8 70.4 18.0 34.3 1.8 64.0 32.5
Q2:2023-24 1,223 24.3 5.7 69.9 18.6 52.4 2.0 45.7 50.4
Q3:2023-24 1,040 20.2 6.0 73.9 14.2 56.4 2.9 40.7 53.5
Q4:2023-24 1,354 21.2 5.2 73.6 15.9 45.3 1.4 53.4 43.9
Q1:2024-25           35.9 2.7 61.5 33.2
‘Improvement’ in availability of finance is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 17: Assessment and Expectations for Cost of Finance
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 36.2 3.8 60.0 -32.4 51.6 1.1 47.3 -50.5
Q1:2023-24 1,247 36.9 4.5 58.6 -32.4 47.5 1.7 50.8 -45.8
Q2:2023-24 1,223 33.0 6.6 60.4 -26.4 56.4 2.2 41.5 -54.2
Q3:2023-24 1,040 29.2 6.8 64.0 -22.5 58.5 3.6 37.9 -54.9
Q4:2023-24 1,354 31.3 6.5 62.3 -24.8 48.8 2.9 48.3 -45.9
Q1:2024-25           40.3 4.1 55.6 -36.3
‘Decrease’ in cost of finance is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here. The column heads, namely ‘Increase’ and ‘Decrease’ in data releases for rounds 82-87 were interchanged and should be read as above.

Table 18: Assessment and Expectations for Cost of Raw Materials
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 64.5 5.4 30.2 -59.1 63.4 2.4 34.2 -60.9
Q1:2023-24 1,247 49.1 8.0 42.8 -41.1 62.6 1.7 35.8 -60.9
Q2:2023-24 1,223 49.3 5.5 45.3 -43.8 60.6 2.4 37.0 -58.3
Q3:2023-24 1,040 41.8 8.4 49.7 -33.4 67.8 2.8 29.3 -65.0
Q4:2023-24 1,354 50.2 6.3 43.5 -43.8 57.0 2.9 40.1 -54.2
Q1:2024-25           55.9 3.1 40.9 -52.8
‘Decrease’ in cost of raw materials is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 19: Assessment and Expectations for Salary/Other Remuneration
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 23.1 1.9 75.0 -21.2 39.3 0.6 60.0 -38.7
Q1:2023-24 1,247 41.1 3.0 56.0 -38.1 45.2 0.9 53.9 -44.3
Q2:2023-24 1,223 32.3 3.5 64.2 -28.8 49.8 0.5 49.7 -49.3
Q3:2023-24 1,040 30.3 4.1 65.7 -26.2 47.3 1.7 51.0 -45.6
Q4:2023-24 1,354 26.1 1.8 72.1 -24.3 42.9 0.9 56.2 -42.0
Q1:2024-25           52.9 0.9 46.2 -51.9
‘Decrease’ in Salary / other remuneration is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 20: Assessment and Expectations for Selling Price
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 21.6 11.8 66.6 9.7 43.2 3.6 53.1 39.6
Q1:2023-24 1,247 26.1 13.3 60.6 12.8 34.0 5.6 60.4 28.4
Q2:2023-24 1,223 22.3 10.6 67.1 11.7 46.9 5.4 47.7 41.4
Q3:2023-24 1,040 22.0 11.9 66.1 10.2 45.2 5.2 49.6 40.1
Q4:2023-24 1,354 18.9 10.8 70.3 8.1 40.4 5.6 54.0 34.8
Q1:2024-25           30.5 5.7 63.8 24.7
‘Increase’ in selling price is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 21: Assessment and Expectations for Profit Margin
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Increase Decrease No change Net response Increase Decrease No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 16.2 21.6 62.1 -5.4 41.0 8.1 50.9 32.9
Q1:2023-24 1,247 20.6 21.8 57.5 -1.2 30.5 11.4 58.1 19.1
Q2:2023-24 1,223 21.9 17.4 60.7 4.5 43.8 8.1 48.1 35.7
Q3:2023-24 1,040 20.5 19.1 60.4 1.4 45.5 9.7 44.8 35.8
Q4:2023-24 1,354 17.2 20.6 62.1 -3.4 40.3 9.5 50.2 30.8
Q1:2024-25           30.4 10.4 59.2 20.0
‘Increase’ in profit margin is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 22: Assessment and Expectations for Overall Business Situation
(Percentage responses)
Quarter Total response Assessment Expectations
Better Worsen No change Net response Better Worsen No change Net response
Q4:2022-23 1,066 45.9 11.4 42.7 34.4 66.9 3.7 29.4 63.1
Q1:2023-24 1,247 39.9 15.0 45.1 24.9 62.4 4.0 33.6 58.3
Q2:2023-24 1,223 46.0 11.8 42.2 34.3 65.0 4.3 30.7 60.7
Q3:2023-24 1,040 40.6 12.0 47.4 28.6 73.1 5.2 21.7 67.9
Q4:2023-24 1,354 47.2 11.3 41.4 35.9 62.5 4.2 33.3 58.3
Q1:2024-25           62.0 5.5 32.5 56.5
‘Better’ Overall Business Situation is optimistic. Footnote ‘@’ given in Table 1 is applicable here.

Table 23: Business Sentiments
Quarter Business Assessment Index (BAI) Business Expectations Index (BEI)
Q4:2022-23 112.2 132.9
Q1:2023-24 112.2 126.4
Q2:2023-24 115.0 132.5
Q3:2023-24 113.9 135.4
Q4:2023-24 114.2 130.3
Q1:2024-25   127.2

1 सर्वेक्षण के परिणाम उत्तरदाताओं के विचारों को दर्शाते हैं, जिन्हें आवश्यक रूप से रिज़र्व बैंक द्वारा साझा नहीं किया जाता है। पिछले सर्वेक्षण दौर के परिणाम 8 फ़रवरी, 2024 को बैंक की वेबसाइट पर जारी किए गए।

2 प्रत्येक सर्वेक्षण दौर के लिए, दो सारांश सूचकांकों की गणना की जाती है - एक मूल्यांकन पर आधारित [अर्थात, व्यवसाय मूल्यांकन सूचकांक (BAI)] और दूसरा अपेक्षाओं पर आधारित [अर्थात, व्यावसायिक अपेक्षाएँ सूचकांक (BEI)]। प्रत्येक सूचकांक एक समग्र संकेतक है जिसकी गणना नौ व्यावसायिक मापदंडों के एक साधारण औसत के रूप में की जाती है, जहां प्रत्येक पैरामीटर को भारित शुद्ध प्रतिक्रिया के रूप में प्राप्त किया जाता है, भार सकल मूल्य वर्धित (जीवीए) में उद्योग समूहों का हिस्सा होता है। विचार किए गए नौ पैरामीटर हैं: (1) समग्र व्यावसायिक स्थिति; (2) उत्पादन; (3) ऑर्डर बुक; (4) कच्चे माल की सूची; (5) तैयार माल की सूची; (6) लाभ मार्जिन; (7) रोजगार; (8) निर्यात; और (9) क्षमता उपयोग। बीएआई/बीईआई प्रत्येक तिमाही में कारोबारी दृष्टिकोण का एक स्नैपशॉट देता है एवं 0 और 200 के बीच मानक लेता है, जिसमें 100 संकुचन से विस्तार को अलग करने वाली सीमा है।

3 Net Response (NR) is the difference between the percentage of respondents reporting optimism and those reporting pessimism. It ranges between -100 to 100. Any value greater than zero indicates expansion/optimism and any value less than zero indicates contraction/pessimism. In other words, NR = (I – D), where, I is the percentage response of ‘Increase/optimism’, and D is the percentage response of ‘Decrease/pessimism’ and E is the percentage response as ‘no change/equal’ (i.e., I+D+E=100).  For example, increase in production is optimism whereas decrease in cost of raw material is optimism.


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