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Document - 18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India () or PDF - 18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India ()
18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India
Date : Mar 23, 2026
(₹ Crore)
Source April-March Up to February 28
2023-24 2024-25 2024-25 2025-26 P
  1 2 3 4
1. Non-Food Bank Credit 21,40,243 17,98,321 16,73,777 24,63,993
2. Non-Bank Sources (2.1+2.2) 12,63,721 17,10,346 12,71,753 14,58,476
2.1 Domestic Sources 10,20,302 13,85,609 9,70,465 10,30,894
2.1.1 Equity Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 1,35,008 3,81,161 3,51,489 3,37,332
2.1.2 Corporate Bond Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 1,67,374 1,97,795 1,24,986 2,73,040
2.1.3 Hybrid Instruments (REITs/ InvITs) by Non-Financial Entities 39,024 31,442 22,702 20,293
2.1.4 Commercial Paper Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 19,712 18,819 47,707 44,293
2.1.5 Credit by Housing Finance Companies (Net of Bank Borrowings) 1,41,816 1,34,852 13,376 -143
2.1.6 Credit by RBI-regulated All India Financial Institutions 73,386 99,501 37,606 -6,656
2.1.7 Credit by Non-Banking Financial Companies (Net of Bank Borrowings) 4,43,982 5,22,037 3,72,600 3,62,734
2.2 Foreign Sources 2,43,419 3,24,737 3,01,288 4,27,583
2.2.1 External Commercial Borrowings by Non-Financial Entities 27,916 19,090 13,455 33,394
2.2.2 ADR/GDR by Non-Financial Entities 0 0 0 0
2.2.3 Short-term Credit from Abroad -6,741 58,859 97,039 1,35,813
2.2.4 Foreign Direct Investment to India 2,22,244 2,46,788 1,90,794 2,58,376
3. Total Flow of Resources (1+2) 34,03,964 35,08,667 29,45,530 39,22,469
P: Provisional.
The coverage of data for columns 3 and 4 from Sources No.:
2.1.1-2.1.3, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.2.1, 2.2.2 and 2.2.4: Up to January.
2.1.7 and 2.2.3: Up to December.
Notes: i) Non-food bank credit pertains to scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) and excludes credit extended by co-operative banks.
ii) Credit extended by banks, Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) and Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) is inclusive of personal loans.
iii) Data on all items are presented on net basis, except equity and hybrid instruments which are on gross basis.
iv) All India Financial Institutions (AIFIs) include National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), National Housing Bank (NHB), Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank), and National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID). Credit extended by AIFIs excludes refinancing to SCBs, NBFCs, and HFCs, and direct loans to domestic and foreign governments/institutions.
v) Data pertaining to HDFC Limited, which merged with HDFC Bank effective from July 1, 2023, is included under credit by Housing Finance Companies prior to its merger while it is included under bank credit post-merger.
vi) Data on credit by Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) has been adjusted for the conversion of some HFCs into NBFCs.
Sources: RBI; SEBI; AIFIs; and RBI staff estimates.

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