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Document - Table 146 : India’s External Debt - Rupees (end-March) () or PDF - Table 146 : India’s External Debt - Rupees (end-March) ()
Date : Jul 31, 2026
Table 146 : India’s External Debt - Rupees (end-March)
(₹ Crore)
Item 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
I. Multilateral 157901 201425 193436 216672 257088 279310 321560 328148 359490 354118
A. Government Borrowing 144627 181997 170722 190326 222579 235670 268491 269431 294122 288246
i) Concessional 107395 127771 116046 120653 138691 143130 163589 154581 166506 156726
a) IDA 105947 126127 114552 119068 136816 141119 161165 152171 163772 154050
b) Others 1448 1644 1494 1585 1875 2011 2424 2410 2734 2676
ii) Non-concessional 37232 54226 54676 69673 83888 92540 104902 114850 127616 131519
a) IBRD 22631 29948 28874 39218 45328 48239 53433 57107 61553 60667
b) Others 14601 24278 25802 30455 38560 44301 51469 57743 66063 70852
B. Non-government Borrowing 13274 19428 22714 26346 34509 43640 53069 58717 65368 65872
i) Concessional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ii) Non-concessional 13274 19428 22714 26346 34509 43640 53069 58717 65368 65872
a) Public Sector 10352 14298 14919 15802 19407 23414 28105 31385 35409 32123
IBRD 4690 7105 8544 9193 11092 12749 14412 15674 17005 16625
Others 5662 7193 6375 6609 8315 10664 13693 15711 18404 15498
b) Financial institutions 2350 3721 5385 7511 10290 14370 18881 21859 25190 29829
IBRD 593 744 1343 1899 2707 2973 3820 3709 5984 7276
Others 1757 2977 4042 5612 7583 11397 15061 18150 19206 22553
c) Private Sector 572 1409 2410 3033 4812 5856 6083 5473 4769 3920
IBRD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Others 572 1409 2410 3033 4812 5856 6083 5473 4769 3920
II. Bilateral 78802 104997 101976 114905 137086 136329 148813 136060 149378 150808
A. Government Borrowing 59391 74662 71584 80406 91641 88007 96918 88452 102925 109742
i) Concessional 59391 74662 71584 80406 91641 88007 96918 88452 102925 109742
ii) Non-concessional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B. Non-government Borrowing 19411 30335 30392 34499 45445 48322 51895 47608 46453 41066
i) Concessional 1737 3262 3169 4101 7648 8435 10318 10080 11892 11988
a) Public Sector 1226 1156 1121 1621 4963 5916 7763 7546 9052 6758
b) Financial institutions 511 2106 2048 2480 2685 2519 2555 2534 2840 5230
c) Private Sector 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ii) Non-concessional 17674 27073 27223 30398 37797 39887 41577 37528 34560 29077
a) Public Sector 10097 15076 13845 13789 14200 13010 13374 11561 10938 9478
b) Financial institutions 3735 4311 3436 3754 3886 4206 4361 3323 3029 3169
c) Private Sector 3842 7686 9942 12855 19711 22671 23842 22644 20594 16430
III. International Monetary Fund 4479 5188 27264 28163 31528 32439 36910 34350 37177 35129
IV. Trade Credit 41296 73772 76011 83112 97117 96556 93275 78915 70001 62426
a) Buyers credit 33134 64046 66849 73273 85896 84667 80069 66006 54963 46790
b) Suppliers credit 2998 3234 2937 2847 3252 4236 4779 5217 6088 6094
c) Export credit component of bilateral credit 5164 6492 6225 6992 7969 7653 8427 7692 8950 9543
d) Export credit for defence purposes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(Continued)

TABLE 146 : INDIA'S EXTERNAL DEBT – RUPEES (End-March) (Contd.)
(₹ Crore)
Item 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
V. Commercial Borrowing 249243 318209 319221 448448 614623 762128 897744 1128501 1197176 1115514
a) Commercial bank loans 160577 219925 202350 261678 373194 454450 582644 635246 647311 567286
b) Securitized borrowings (inclu. IDBs and FCCBs) 82641 91286 113177 183504 238849 306070 313416 490895 547465 545906
c) Loans/securitized borrowings, etc., with multilateral/bilateral guarantee and IFC(W) 6025 6998 3694 3266 2580 1608 1684 2360 2400 2323
d) Self liquidating loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
VI. Non-resident Deposits 174623 210118 217062 230812 299840 385202 624101 720997 841956 757751
VII. Rupee Debt 8065 7760 7480 7147 6922 6839 8826 9426 8479 7962
a) Defence 7172 6935 6709 6416 6220 6164 8179 8807 7887 7398
b) Civilian 893 825 771 731 702 675 647 619 592 564
VIII. Total Long-term Debt (I to VII) 714409 921469 942450 1129258 1444205 1698803 2131229 2436397 2663657 2483708
IX. Short-term Debt 182881 220656 236188 290149 399962 525931 550985 535144 553906 571387
a) Non-resident Deposits (up to 1 year maturity) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b) Trade-related credits 167540 203345 214267 261006 333202 472026 491271 510938 530806 560781
1) Above 180 days 91502 118936 126391 157806 200454 321010 330500 334267 339674 364104
2) Up to 180 days 76038 84409 87876 103200 132748 151016 160771 176671 191132 196677
c) FII investments on government treasury bills and other instruments 2603 10522 15153 24214 48066 29671 33686 7307 132 260
d) Investments in treasury bills by foreign central banks and international institutions 620 534 467 225 326 447 572 714 1576 1577
e) External Debt Liabilities of (i+ii) 12118 6255 6301 4704 18368 23787 25456 16186 21392 8768
i) Central Bank 4458 3892 3139 693 871 985 892 939 1197 1575
ii) Commercial Banks 7660 2363 3162 4011 17497 22802 24564 15247 20195 7194
X. Gross External Debt Position 897290 1142125 1178638 1419407 1844167 2224734 2682214 2971542 3217563 3055095
Concessional Debt as % of Total Debt 19.7 18.7 16.8 14.9 13.3 11.1 10.4 8.8 9.0 9.4
Short-term Debt as % of Total Debt 20.4 19.3 20.1 20.4 21.7 23.6 20.5 18.0 17.2 18.7
Debt to GDP Ratio (%) 18.3 20.7 18.5 18.6 21.1 22.4 23.9 23.8 23.4 19.8
Debt Service Ratio (%) 4.8 4.4 5.8 4.4 6.0 5.9 5.9 7.6 8.8 8.3
(Continued)

TABLE 146 : INDIA'S EXTERNAL DEBT – RUPEES (End-March) (Contd.)
(₹ Crore)
Item 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
I. Multilateral 371781 395885 449606 508445 553581 617679 649787 691039 762290
A. Government Borrowing 304595 320336 362042 419319 460547 521803 556039 597746 664284
i) Concessional 164002 160421 166300 165241 161129 157806 142175 128183 122634
a) IDA 160970 157188 162506 161408 157206 153736 138007 123731 117484
b) Others 3032 3233 3794 3833 3923 4070 4168 4452 5149
ii) Non-concessional 140593 159915 195742 254077 299418 363996 413865 469563 541650
a) IBRD 61663 67248 82796 99216 113578 135746 156760 181785 202840
b) Others 78930 92667 112946 154862 185840 228251 257104 287778 338811
B. Non-government Borrowing 67186 75549 87564 89126 93034 95876 93747 93293 98007
i) Concessional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ii) Non-concessional 67186 75549 87564 89126 93034 95876 93747 93293 98007
a) Public Sector 33715 39072 46430 48303 49113 50016 49640 51548 42866
IBRD 16935 18652 21544 21900 23190 24088 24782 27321 17349
Others 16780 20419 24886 26404 25923 25928 24859 24227 25517
b) Financial institutions 30245 32602 30689 30051 32995 35921 34858 32909 46442
IBRD 7418 8449 8609 7885 8518 8702 8359 1020 1028
Others 22826 24152 22080 22167 24478 27219 26499 31890 45414
c) Private Sector 3226 3876 10444 10771 10926 9940 9249 8835 8699
IBRD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Others 3226 3876 10444 10771 10926 9940 9249 8835 8699
II. Bilateral 164788 183742 210194 226034 246839 284061 293476 335723 386175
A. Government Borrowing 128945 141410 167494 179101 197997 226725 239507 276210 323957
i) Concessional 128945 141410 167494 179101 197997 226725 239507 276210 323957
ii) Non-concessional 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B. Non-government Borrowing 35843 42332 42700 46933 48841 57337 53969 59513 62218
i) Concessional 12973 17389 24776 25069 24501 27681 24362 26966 27048
a) Public Sector 7600 12182 18751 19265 19833 23049 20581 22254 22256
b) Financial institutions 5373 5207 6025 5804 4669 4631 3781 4712 4792
c) Private Sector 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ii) Non-concessional 22871 24943 17924 21864 24340 29656 29607 32547 35170
a) Public Sector 8519 9784 3879 5565 6523 7098 6132 7019 10286
b) Financial institutions 2530 2444 2274 5667 6247 9182 9759 11765 11145
c) Private Sector 11822 12715 11771 10632 11570 13375 13716 13762 13739
III. International Monetary Fund 37716 38202 40931 41442 173415 183021 182587 187735 212689
IV. Trade Credit 61676 53542 51530 46085 25438 23980 24491 26392 27427
a) Buyers credit 43699 34377 29825 23645 19465 17693 16329 15271 15498
b) Suppliers credit 6764 6868 7141 6866 5973 6288 8162 11121 11929
c) Export credit component of bilateral credit 11213 12297 14565 15574 0 0 0 0 0
d) Export credit for defence purposes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(Continued)

TABLE 146 : INDIA'S EXTERNAL DEBT – RUPEES (End-March) (Concld.)
(₹ Crore)
Item 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
V. Commercial Borrowing 1312723 1423574 1653677 1590938 1710032 1817207 2089300 2496182 2836648
a) Commercial bank loans 550788 654234 822697 749568 789056 872222 969591 1200607 1479586
b) Securitized borrowings (inclu. IDBs and FCCBs) 759701 767266 828839 839371 919154 943262 1118304 1295366 1356909
c) Loans/securitized borrowings, etc., with multilateral/bilateral guarantee and IFC(W) 2234 2074 2140 1998 1822 1723 1405 209 153
d) Self liquidating loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
VI. Non-resident Deposits 820737 902152 977309 1027382 1059041 1141818 1266272 1409330 1567984
VII. Rupee Debt 7886 8007 7704 7162 7279 6687 7106 6897 6914
a) Defence 7350 7498 7223 6708 6853 6289 6736 6554 6598
b) Civilian 536 509 481 453 426 398 370 343 316
VIII. Total Long-term Debt (I to VII) 2777308 3005104 3390952 3447487 3775625 4074453 4513018 5153299 5800128
IX. Short-term Debt 664575 749924 805779 743002 922484 1055491 1063760 1150986 1412565
a) Non-resident Deposits (up to 1 year maturity) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b) Trade-related credits 652969 708379 764291 714863 889665 1018650 1026037 1114431 1362668
1) Above 180 days 431225 362982 389010 344758 364620 499899 480836 472664 602404
2) Up to 180 days 221744 345397 375281 370106 525045 518751 545201 641767 760263
c) FII investments on government treasury bills and other instruments 580 12003 13061 12474 15927 16426 11687 9900 2962
d) Investments in treasury bills by foreign central banks and international institutions 1791 1820 1822 1955 1940 1879 1785 1660 2281
e) External Debt Liabilities of (i+ii) 9234 27721 26605 13710 14953 18535 24251 24994 44655
i) Central Bank 1782 1529 1357 1282 574 1102 1747 385 1117
ii) Commercial Banks 7453 26193 25248 12429 14379 17433 22504 24609 43538
X. Gross External Debt Position 3441883 3755028 4196731 4190490 4698109 5129944 5576778 6304284 7212693
Concessional Debt as % of Total Debt 9.1 8.7 8.8 9.0 8.3 8.2 7.4 6.9 6.7
Short-term Debt as % of Total Debt 19.3 20.0 19.1 17.6 19.7 20.6 19.1 18.3 19.6
Debt to GDP Ratio (%) 20.1 19.9 20.9 21.1 19.9 19.6 19.2 19.8 20.8
Debt Service Ratio (%) 7.5 6.4 6.5 8.2 5.2 5.3 6.7 6.6 5.8
Notes : IDBs : India Development Bonds FCCBs : Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds
IFC(W) : International Finance Corporation (Washington) FC(B&O) : Foreign Currency (Banks & Others) Deposits
1. Other concessional multilateral government borrowing refers to debt outstanding to Institutions like IFAD, OPEC & EEC (SAC).
2. Multilateral non-concessional government/ public sector/ financial institutions other borrowings refers to debt outstanding against loans from ADB.
3. Securitised commercial borrowings (inclu. IDBs and FCCBs) include net Investment by 100% Fll debt funds, Resurgent India Bonds (RIBs) and India Millennium Deposits (IMDs).
4. Rupee debt refers to debt owed to Russia denominated in rupees and converted at current exchange rates, payable in exports.
5. Civilian's rupee debt includes supplier's credit from end-March 1990 onwards.
6. Debt service ratio from the year 1992-93 includes the revised private transfer contra-entry on account of gold and silver imports.
Sources : Ministry of Finance, Government of India and Reserve Bank of India.