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Document - Key Fiscal Indicators () or PDF - Key Fiscal Indicators ()
Date : May 29, 2026
Key Fiscal Indicators
(As per cent of GDP)
Year Primary Deficit Revenue Deficit Primary Revenue Deficit Gross Fiscal Deficit Outstanding Liabilities@ Outstanding Liabilities$
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Centre^
1990-91 4.0 3.2 -0.5 7.6 54.6 60.6
1995-96 0.8 2.4 -1.7 4.9 50.3 58.3
2000-01 0.9 3.9 -0.7 5.5 54.6 60.4
2009-10 3.2 5.2 1.9 6.5 55.4 57.3
2010-11 1.8 3.2 0.2 4.8 51.6 53.2
2011-12 2.8 4.5 1.4 5.9 51.7 53.5
2012-13 1.8 3.7 0.5 4.9 51.0 52.5
2013-14 1.1 3.2 -0.2 4.5 50.5 52.2
2014-15 0.9 2.9 -0.3 4.1 50.1 51.4
2015-16 0.7 2.5 -0.7 3.9 50.1 51.5
2016-17 0.4 2.1 -1.1 3.5 48.4 49.5
2017-18 0.4 2.6 -0.5 3.5 48.3 49.5
2018-19 0.4 2.4 -0.7 3.4 48.5 49.6
2019-20 1.6 3.3 0.3 4.6 51.3 52.5
2020-21 5.7 7.3 3.9 9.2 61.4 62.6
2021-22 3.3 4.4 1.0 6.7 58.0 58.9
2022-23 3.0 4.0 0.5 6.5 57.1 58.1
2023-24 2.0 2.5 -1.0 5.5 56.8 57.6
2024-25 1.4 1.7 -1.7 4.8 55.7 56.5
2025-26 (RE) 0.8 1.5 -2.1 4.4 55.6 56.1
2026-27 (BE) 0.7 1.5 -2.1 4.3 55.0 55.6
States*
1990-91 1.8 0.9 -0.6 3.3 22.2 22.2
1995-96 0.8 0.7 -1.1 2.6 20.8 20.8
2000-01 1.8 2.5 0.1 4.2 28.1 28.1
2009-10 1.2 0.4 -1.4 3.0 26.4 26.4
2010-11 0.4 -0.2 -1.8 2.1 24.4 24.4
2011-12 0.4 -0.3 -1.9 2.0 23.2 23.2
2012-13 0.4 -0.3 -1.8 2.0 22.6 22.6
2013-14 0.7 0.0 -1.5 2.2 22.3 22.3
2014-15 1.1 0.3 -1.2 2.6 22.0 22.0
2015-16 1.5 0.0 -1.6 3.0 23.7 23.7
2016-17 1.8 0.2 -1.4 3.5 25.1 25.1
2017-18 0.7 0.1 -1.6 2.4 25.1 25.1
2018-19 0.8 0.1 -1.6 2.4 25.3 25.3
2019-20 0.9 0.6 -1.1 2.6 26.6 26.6
2020-21 2.1 1.9 -0.1 4.1 31.0 31.0
2021-22 1.0 0.4 -1.4 2.8 29.1 29.1
2022-23 1.0 0.2 -1.5 2.7 28.2 28.2
2022-23 1.0 0.2 -1.5 2.7 28.2 28.2
2023-24 1.2 0.3 -1.4 2.9 28.1 28.1
2024-25 1.5 0.3 -1.2 3.0 … …
2025-26 (RE) 1.9 0.4 -1.1 3.5 … …
2026-27 (BE) 1.4 -0.1 -1.6 3.0    
... : Not Available. RE: Revised Estimates. BE: Budget Estimates.
@ : Includes external liabilities of the centre calculated at historical exchange rates.
$ : Includes external liabilities of the centre calculated at current exchange rates.
^ : GDP for 2026-27 is sourced from the Union Budget 2026-27. It may be noted that the new GDP series (2022-23 base year) is not available for 2026-27 and for the financial years prior to 2022-23.
* : Data till 2023-24 pertain to all states and union territories (UT) with legislatures. Data for 2024-25, 2025-26 and 2026-27 are accounts, revised estimates and budget estimates, respectively for 24 States/UT which have presented their full budgets.
Notes: 1. Negative sign (-) indicates surplus in deficit indicators.
2. GDP figures used in this table are the latest available figures based on 2011-12 series.
3. States’ key fiscal indicators for 2024-25, 2025-26 (RE) and 2026-27(BE) are expressed as a per cent of GSDP.
4. Columns 6 and 7 are outstanding figures as at end-March of respective years.
Sources: Budget documents of central and state governments, Status paper on government debt, Quarterly report on public debt management and RBI staff estimates.

 

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