tgkoe
gZso
T[d:'re
ns/ fBo:ks T[Xko ftGkr
(gkfb;h
vthiaB)
1H tgkoe
gZso eh j? <
tgkoe
gZso fJe ra?oFiawkBsh w[dokFpkiako fbys j? i' tuBFgZso d/ o{g ftu ikoh ehsh
iKdh j?.
2H fJ;
dk nkozG ed'_ ehsk frnk<
Gkos
ftu fJ; B{z ;kb 1990 ftu nkozG ehsk frnk.
3H fJ;
B{z feT[_ nkozG ehsk frnk<
fJ; B{z T[uFdoK tkbhnK ezgBhnK d/ T[Xko eosktK
B{z T[BQK d/ xZN ;w/_ d/ T[XkoK d/ ;o'sK d/ ftfGzBheoB B{z nk;kB pDkT[D ns/
iwQKFeosktK B{z fJe tkX{ ftZsh ;kXB T[gbpX eokT[D d/ BiaohJ/ Bkb Gkos ftu 1990
ftu ;a[o{ ehsk frnk. pknd ftu w[Zy tgkohnK ns/ S'N/ tgkohnK B{z th tgkoeFgZso
ikoh eoB dh gqtkBrh d/ fdZsh rJh sK i' T[j nkgD/ ezwFeki d/ bJh xZN ;w/_ dh
fBXh ;pzXh iao{osK B{z g{ok eo ;eD.
4H tgkoeFgZso
e"D ikoh eo ;edk j?<
ezgBhnK, w[Zy tgkoh ns/ ;otFGkosh gZXo dhnK ftZsh
;z;EktK tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/ :'r gkso jB.
5H eh
;kohnK ezgBhnK tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/ bJh ;t?F gkso j'DrhnK<
Bjh_. e'Jh th ezgBh j/mFfbyhnK ;aosK B{z g{ok eoB
s/ jh tgkoeFgZso ikoh eo ;edh j?LF
T) nzsw b/ykFgVskb s[bBk gZso d/ nB[;ko ezgBh dh
tk;sfte fBo'b ;zgsh 4 eo'V o[gJ/ s'_ xZN Bk j't/l
n) T[; ezgBh dh ekoi;ahb g{zih p?_e|p?_eK iK
;otFGkosh gZXo dh ftZsh ;z;Ek|;z;EktK d[nkok wBia{o ehsh ik u[eh j?l ns/
J) ftZsFg';aD eoB tkb/ p?_e|p?_eK|;z;EktK d[nkok T[;
ezgBh d/ T[Xko yks/ dk fwnkoh ;zgdk d/ o{g ftu torheoB ehsk frnk j?.
6H tgkoeFgZso
ikoh eoB d/ bJh eh doK ;pzXh e'Jh b'V j?<
jK ih. ;ko/ gkso ;fjGkrh
tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/ wzst bJh eo?fvN o/fNzr fJBcaow/;aB ;oftf;ia nkca fJzvhnk
fbwH(feqf;b) iK fJBt?;Nw?_N fJBcaow/;aB n?_v eo?fvN J/iz;h nkca fJzvhnk
fbwH(fJeok) iK eo?fvN nB?bf;ia n?_v fo;ou fbwH(e/no) iK fcZu o/fNzria fJzvhnk
gqkJht/N fbwH iK nfijh j'o eo?fvN o/fNzr J/iz;h(;hHnkoHJ/H) s'_ eo?fvN ekov
gqkgs eoBr/.
xN
s'_ xN eo?fvN o/fNzr feqf;b dh ghF2 iK fe;h j'o J/iz;h d/ pokpo dh o/fNzr j'Dh
ukjhdh j?.
tgkoeFgZso
ikoh eod/ ;w/_ ikoh ehshnK ikD tkbhnK ;z;EktK fJj ;[fB;afus eoBrhnK fe gqkgs
ehsh rJh o/fNzr(do) gqubs j? ns/ fJ; dh ;whfynk dk fBoXkos ;wK Bjh_ j'fJnk j?
ns/ tgkoeFgZso dh fwnkd dk ;wK ikoh eosk dh eo?fvN o/fNzr (T[Xko do) dh fwEh
rJh fwnkd s'_ pknd Bk j't/.
7H tgkoeFgZso
dh fwnkd dh xN s'_ xN ns/ tX s'_ tX ;wKF;hwk eh j? <
tgkoeFgZso, ikoh j'D dh fwsh s'_ xN s'_ xN 15 fdB
ns/ tX s'_ tX fJe ;kb dh fwnkd bJh ikoh ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.
8H fejVh
;hwk sZe e'Jh tgkoeFgZso ikoh ehsk ik ;edk j? <
ikoh
eosk d[nkok ikoh ehs/ rJ/ tgkoeFgZso dh e[b ok;ah, fBd/;ae-wzvb d[nkok fBoXkos
;hwk d/ nzdo iK fB;afus ehsh rJh do d/ bJh eo?fvN o/fNzr J/iz;h d[nkok fB;afus
wksok ftu'_ i' th xN j't/, T[; ok;ah d/ bJh j't/rh.
fiE'_
sZe ftZsh ;z;EktK dk ;tkb j?, T[j Gkosh foiaot p?_e d[nkok fB;afus ehsh rJh tX
s'_ tX ;hwk d/ nzdo tgkoeF gZso ikoh eo ;edhnK jB. p;aos/ fe tgkoeFgZso dh
ok;ah j'o fbysK fit/_fe fwnkdh T[XkoK, fwnkdh iwQK ok;ahnK, iwQK gqwkDF gZsoK
ns/ ezgBh dh nzdo{Bh iwQK ok;ahnK dh ok;ah, nzsw s[bBkF gZso d/ nB[;ko T[; dh
fBo'b gqtkfBs fBZXhnK d/ 100 cah;dh s'_ tX Bjh_ j'DhnK ukjhdhnK jB.
9H fe;
w[ZbFtor s/ e'Jh tgkoeFgZso ikoh ehsk ik ;edk j? <
tgkoeFgZso
5 bZy o[gJ/ iK T[; d/ r[Dk:'r d/ w[bFtor ftu ikoh ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.
10H tgkoeFgZso
dk ikohFeoB fezB/ ;w/_ bJh y[bQk ofj ;edk j? <
ikoheoD
d/ bJh ;[MkJh rJh tgkoeFgZso dh e[b ok;ah dh T[rokjh, ikoh eosk d[nkok nz;adkB
d/ bJh e'Jh ikoheoD d/ bJh y'bQ/ ikD dh fwsh s'_ d' jcafsnK d/ nzdo g{oh eo bJh
ikDh ukjhdh j?.
11H eh fe;/ fJe jh ikoh eosk d[nkok ty ty fwshnK B{z
tgkoeFgZso ikoh ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB<
jK
ih. tgkoeFgZso fe;h fJe fwsh B{z iK GkrK ftu ty ty fwshnK B{z ikoh ehs/ ik ;ed/
jB gozs{ ;aos fJj j't/rh fe ty ty fwshnK B{z ikoh ehs/ ikD d/ wkwb/ ftu jo/e
tgkoeF gZso dh fwnkd dh fwsh fJe jh j't/rh. fJ; s'_ fJbktk tgkoeF gZso dk jo
ikoheoD ns/ T[; dk BthBheoD fJe BtK ikoheoD wzfBnk ikt/rk.
12H ikoheosk
ns/ ndkeosk d/ J/izN d/ o{g ftu e"D ezw eo ;edk j? <
e'Jh nB[;{fus p?_e jh tgkoeFgZso
d/ ikoheoD bJh ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN d/ o{g ftu ezw eo ;edk j?.
13H tgkoeFgZso
ftu e"D fBt/;a eo ;edk j? <
tgkoeFgZso ftu nkw nkdwh, p?_fezr ezgBhnK, Gkos
ftu ofi;Nov iK doi j'J/ j'o ;fjekoh ndko/ iK ra?oF;fjekoh ndko/, gqtk;h Gkosh
ns/ pd/;ah ;z;Ekrs fBt/;ae nkfd fBt/;a eo ;ed/ jB. ;aos fJj j? fe fe;h fJe
fBt/;ae d[nkok ehs/ rJ/ fBt/;a dh ok;ah 5 bZy o[gJ/(nzes w[Zb) s'_ xZN Bjh_
j'Dh ukjhdh ns/ pd/;ah ;z;Ekrs fBt/;aeK d[nkok ehsk frnk fBt/;a ;/ph d[nkok
T[BQK d/ bJh fB;afus ehsh rJh ;hwk d/ nzdo j'Dk ukjhdk j?.
14H eh
tgkoeFgZso vhw?NhohnbkfJiav cakow ftu oZfynk ik ;edk j? <
jK ih. tgkoeFgZso iK sK tuBFgZso(nB[;{uhF1) d/
o{g ftu iK ;/ph d[nkok gqtkBs ns/ ;/ph d/ e'b doi fe;h yaiakB/ d/ wkfXnw Bkb
*vhw?NhohnbkfJiav cakow* ftu ikoh ehsk ik ;edk j?. p?_eK, ftZsh ezgBhnK, w[Zy
tgkohnK ns/ S'N/ tgkohnK B{z fd;akFfBod/;a fdZsk iKdk j? fe T[j tgkoeFgZso
vhw?NohnbkfJiav cakow ftu jh oZyD.
15H eh
tgkoeFgZso jw/;aK fv;ekT{_N(S'N) s/ jh ikoh ehsk iKdk j? <
jK ih. ikoheosk d/ ca?;b/ d/ nB[;ko, tgkoeFgZso
do;kJh rJh do Bkb fv;ekT{_N T[s/ ikoh ehsk ikt/rk.
16H eh
tgkoeFgZso dh fiaw/tkoh bJh ik ;edh j? <
e'Jh th ikoheosk tgkoeFgZso d/ ikoheoD d/ bJh Bk
sK fiaw/tkoh b? ;edk j? ns/ Bk jh T[; B{z ;fjFgqtkB eotk ;edk j?.
17H tgkoeFgZsoK
d/ G[rskB dk sohek eh j? <
;a[o{ ftu tgkoeFgZso ftu fBt/;aeosk tgkoeFgZso dk
S'NFw[Zb, ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN d/ okjh_ t;{bdko-yaksk G[rskB:'r o/fys u?e
d[nkok ikoheosk d/ yks/ ftu ndk eo/rk.
tgkoeFgZso
dh fwnkd g{oh j' ikD s'_ pknd,
T) i/eo tgkoeFgZso G"fse cakow ;fEsh ftu j't/rk
sK T[; dk Xkoe ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN d/ okjh_ ;pzXs fbys G[rskB fjs
ikoheosk B{z g/;a eo/rk.
n) i/eo tgkoeFgZso vhw?NFcakow ftu j't/rk sK T[; d/
Xkoe B{z yaiakB/ d/ okjh_ S[vtkT[Dk j't/rk ns/ ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN s'_
G[rskB gqkgs eoBk j't/rk.
18H eh tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/ bJh p?_eK|ftZsh ;z;EktK
d[nkok ;fjF;jkfJsk ;[ftXk d/D dh b'V j?<
feT[_fe tgkoeFgZso *e/tb fJe' fJe* fbys j?, fJ;
bJh p?_eK ns/ ftZsh ;z;EktK d/ bJh fJj iao{oh Bjh_ j't/rk fe T[j tgkoeFgZso d/
ikoheosktK B{z ;fjF;jkfJsk ;[ftXk T[gbpX eotkT[D. fco th p?_e ns/ ftZsh ;z;EktK
fJ; rZb bJh ;[szso j'DrhnK fe T[j nkgD/ tgkoe ca?;b/ d/ nkXko s/ ns/ nkgD/
d[nkok fB;afus ehshnK rJhnK ;aosK s/, tgkoeFgZso d/ fe;h ikoheoD d/ bJh
;fjF;jkfJsk|T[Xko p?eF;Nkg ;[ftXk d/ o{g ftu T[XkoK dh do ftu tkXk eo ;eD.
gozs{ fJj gqufbs ftt/eg{oB wkBdzvK d/ nzsors ns/ T[BQK d[nkok ft;a/;a gqtkBrh
dh ;aos s/ nXkfos j'Dk ukjhdk j?.
19H eh ra?oFp?fezr|;fjekoh ;z;EktK tgkoeFgZso d/ ikoh
eoB dh T[Xko do ftu tkX/ bJh rozNh w[jZJhnk eotk ;edhnK jB <
jK ih. tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB fjs ;fjekoh ns/ ra?oF
p?fezr ;z;EktK j/mFfbys ;aosK s/ fpBKF;aos ns/ BkFpdbD:'r rozNh d/ ;edhnK jBLF
T) tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB tkbk tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/
;pzX ftu fB;afus ehs/ rJ/ wkBdzvK B{z g{ok eodk j't/l
n) rozNh d/D tkb/ B{z, fe;h gqtkBs T[Xko do ;z;Ek B/
nfijh T[Xko do fdZsh j't/ i' ikoheosk d/ w[ekpb/ xN' xN fJe doik fpjso j't/l
ns/
J) tgkoeFgZso ikoh eoB d/ g/;a ehs/ d;skt/iaK ftu,
rozNh d/D tkbh ;z;Ek dh fBo'b ;zgsh, T[BQK ;z;EktK d/ Bkw fi; B{z rozNh d/D
tkbh ;z;Ek B/ gfjbK th fJ; soQK dh rozNh fdZsh j't/, rozNh d/D tkbh ;z;Ek B/
fezBh ok;ah d/ bJh rozNh fdZsh j'Jh j? ns/ fejV/ jkbksK ftu rozNh pdbh ikt/rh,
dk ftXhg{oB fpUok j't/.
20H ikoheosk|ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN ns/ T[Xko do
J/iz;h dh G{fwek ns/ T[; dh fiazw/tkoh L
ikoheosk
T) jo/e ikoheosk B{z tgkoeFgZso d/ ikoheoD d/ bJh fJe
ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN fB:[es eoBk gt/rk.
n) ikoheosk B{z ukjhdk j? fe T[j piako dh wkBdzv gqEk
d/ nB[;ko ;zGkth fBt/;aeK B{z nkgDh ftZsh ;fEsh dh ikDekoh d/t/.
J) ikoheosk ns/ fBt/;ae d/ ftu ;"d/ dh g[;aNh d/
b?DFd/D s'_ pknd ikoheosk ;z;Ek fBt/;ae B{z G"fse gqwkDFgZso ikoh eo/rh iK
tgkoeFgZso B{z fBt/;ae d/ yks/ ftu yaiakB/ ftu iwQK eotk d/t/rh.
;) ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN d/ fJ; wzst d/ gqwkDF
gZso dh ekgh fBt/;aeK B{z fdZsh ikt/rh fe ikoheosk B/ ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk
J/izN d/ Bkb ftXhg{ote fJeoko eo fbnk j? ns/ d;skt/ia fB:wK nB[;ko jB.(nB[;{uhFIII)
ikoheosk
ns/ ndkeosk J/izN
T) ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN fJj fB;afus eo/rk fe
Gkosh foiaot p?_e d/ fBod/;aK nB[;ko ikoheosk B{z xN s'_ xN T[Xko do gqkgs j?
ns/ tgkoeFgZso d/ ikoheoD d[nkok rsh;ahb ok;ah dh fwedko do d/ bJh T[Xko do
J/iz;h d[nkok fB;afus ;w/_ ;hwk d/ nzdo j?.
n) ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN B{z ikoheosk d[nkok
g/;a ehs/ rJ/ ;ko/ d;skt/iaK fit/_fe p'ov d/ ;zebg, tgkoeFgZZso d/ G"fse
cakow ftu j'D dh ;fEsh ftu gqtkBs gqpzXeK d/ j;skyaoK dh iKu eoBh j't/rh ns/
fJe gqwkDFgZso d/Dk j't/rk fe ;ko/ d;skt/ia mhe jB. T[; B{z fJj th gqwkfDs eoBk
j't/rk fe T[; B/ ikoheosk d/ Bkb ftXhg{ote fJeoko ehsk j'fJnk j?.(nB[;{uhFIII)
J) ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk J/izN d[nkok s;dhe ehs/ rJ/
w{b d;skt/ia T[; dh fBrokBh ftu oZy/ j'D/ ukjhd/ jB.
T[Xko
do(eo?fvN o/fNzr) J/iz;h
T) g{zih piako dhnK fbysK dh do fB;afus eoB d/ bJh
;/ph d[nkok T[Xko do J/iz;hnK bJh fB;afus ehsh rJh fB:wKtbh tgkoeFgZsoK dh do
d/ wkwb/ ftu th T[BQK T[s/ bkr{ j't/rh.
n) fJ; s'_ fJbktk, T[Xko do J/iz;h nkgDh ;wM d/
nB[;ko fJ; rZb dk fBoXkoD eoB bJh ;[szso j't/rh fe ikoheosk dh ;woZEk d/ nkXko
s/ do fBoXkoD dh T[fus fwnkd eh j't/. fJ; soQK do fB;afus eod/ ;w/_ T[Xko do
J/iz;h ;kca s"o s/ fJ; rZb dk t/otk d/t/rh fe do dh ;whfynk fe; fwsh B{z
ehsh ikDh ukjhdh j?.
J) T[Xko do J/iz;hnK B{z fJ; rZb dh ;[szsosk j't/rh
fe T[j T[Xko do dh T[fussk dh fwnkd fB;afus eo ;eD gozs{ T[BQK B{z ikoheosktK
d/ fgSb/ foekov B{z Biao ftu oyd/ j'J/ T[; do s/ ;yas Biao oyDh j't/rh ns/ i/eo
T[; ftu e'Jh ;'X j't/ sK fB:fws ;w/_ T[s/ T[; dh ;{uBk gqek;as eoe/ t?pZ;kJhN
okjh_ iB ;kXkoB B{z w[jZJhnk eotkT[Dh j't/rh.
21H tgkoeFgZso d/ ikoheoD d/ ;pzX ftu eh e[M j'o o;wh
ekotkJhnK fog'NK g/;a eoB ;pzXh iao{osK th jB <
tgkoeFgZso piako d/
gqufbs buhb/gB ns/ ;[uko{ ;zukbB d/ bJh gZeh nkwdB tkbhnK w[dok piako
gqshG{shnK d/ bJh ;t?FfB:fwe ;z;Ek d/ o{g ftu fce;v fJBew wBh wkofeN n?_v
v?oht/fNtia n?;';hJ/;aB nkca fJzvhnk, Gkosh foiaot p?_e d/ Bkb ;bkj eoe/, e'Jh
th ekoiFftXh iK gqb/yD fB;afus eo ;edk j?.
tgkoeFgZso ;pzXh jo
ikoheoD dh ;{uBk ikoheoD g{ok j'D s'_ fszB fdB d/ nzdo ikoheosk ns/ ndkeosk
J/izN okjh_ nB[;{uhFII ftu fBoXkos t/ot/ d/_d/ j'J/, w[Zy wjKFgqpzXe, T[d:'fre
ns/ fBo:ks eoiak ftGkr, Gkosh foiaot p?_e, e/_doh dcaso, w[zpJh fty/ fdZsh ikDh
ukjhdh j?.