Data Sources
This Report is based on the receipts and
expenditure data presented in the budget
documents of 28 state governments. Data in
respect of two Union Territories (UTs) with
legislature, viz., National Capital Territory of Delhi
(NCT Delhi) and Puducherry are provided
separately as memo item in all Statements. The
analysis conforms to the data presented in state
budgets and the accounting classification thereof.
The detailed Appendices are based on the
classification of receipts and expenditure of
individual states/UTs into revenue and capital
accounts. Revenue expenditure and capital
expenditure are further bifurcated into ‘Plan’ and
‘Non-Plan’. Some supplementary information
regarding institutional reforms, level of guarantees
(contingent liabilities), expenditure on ‘wages and
salaries’ and ‘operations and maintenance’ are
obtained from state governments. Information
received from the Planning Commission relating
to state-wise plan outlays are also incorporated
in the Report. Data on the outstanding state-wise
loans under the National Small Savings Fund have
been obtained from the Ministry of Finance,
Government of India. The outstanding state-wise
central loans have been sourced from the Union
Finance Accounts. Besides, several items of data
including availment of ways and means advances
(WMA)/overdraft (OD), market borrowings,
investment of state governments in central
government treasury bills and the data on the state
development loans (SDLs) have been taken from
the Reserve Bank records. The state-wise Gross
State Domestic Product (GSDP) are at factor cost
(current prices) and have been sourced from the
Central Statistics Office (CSO). Data on Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) are at current market
prices (Base year: 2004-05) as published by CSO.
Methodology
The analysis of the expenditure data is
disaggregated into development and non-development
expenditure. All expenditures relating
to revenue account, capital outlay and loans and advances are categorised into social services,
economic services and general services. While
social and economic services constitute
development expenditure, expenditure on general
services is treated as non-development
expenditure. Thus, development expenditure
includes the development components of revenue
expenditure, capital outlay and loans and
advances by state governments. Social sector
expenditure includes expenditure on social
services, rural development, and food storage and
warehousing under revenue expenditure, capital
outlay and loans and advances by state
governments.
The ‘All States’ totals and national averages
pertain to 28 state governments, excluding NCT
Delhi and Puducherry. For the year
2013-14 and wherever GSDP figures were not
available for 2012-13, these have been estimated
by applying GSDP growth rates provided in the
budget documents/information received from the
state governments to the CSO data. Wherever
both the CSO data as well as information from
state governments were not available, the data
are estimated based on the previous three years’
annual average growth rate.
The term ‘Aggregate Expenditure’ used in
Chapter IV is defined as summation of Revenue
Expenditure, Capital Outlay and Loans and
Advances. The term ‘Aggregate Disbursement’
used in Appendix Tables and Statements is
summation of Aggregate Expenditure and Debt
Repayments. The capital receipts provided in
Appendix Tables (consolidated) and Statements
(state-wise) and used in the analysis include
public account items on a net basis while these
are excluded from the respective capital
expenditure. Percentage variation worked out in
Appendix Tables and Statements may differ due
to rounding-off of figures.
The data provided in Appendix III (capital
receipts) and Appendix IV (capital expenditure)
are on a gross basis for all items, including public account items. Additionally, total capital receipts
taking public account items on a net basis are also
given in Appendix III to have comparable data with
those of the previous years. Total capital
expenditure given in Appendix IV is exclusive of
public account items.
The ‘overall deficit/surplus’ in the
appendices is equal to the sum of cash deficit/
surplus (difference between the closing balance
and opening balance), increase/decrease in cash
balance investment account and the increase/
decrease in WMA/ODs extended by the Reserve
Bank.
Methodology for Debt Statistics
The Reserve Bank in its Report of 2005-
06 budgets had compiled a data series on
outstanding liabilities of state governments since
1990-91. In the 2006-07 Report, a revised series
of outstanding liabilities was published by including
data on reserve funds, deposits and advances
and contingency funds of state governments. In
the 2007-08 Report, a revised data series on
outstanding liabilities of state governments was
published from 2003-04 onwards based on the
Combined Finance and Revenue Accounts of
Union and state governments, Reserve Bank
records, data received from the Ministry of
Finance (Government of India), Union Finance
Accounts (Controller General of Accounts) and the budget documents of state governments. The
present Report follows the same methodology for
compilation of outstanding liabilities as given in
2007-08 Report and uses the same data sources.
The outstanding liabilities of the state
governments as at end-March 2012 have been
directly taken from Comptroller and Auditor
General (CAG) of India’s ‘Combined Finance and
Revenue Accounts of the Union and State
Governments in India’ (except for column nos. 2
to 5 and 15 in Statement 18). The outstanding
liabilities position for end-March 2013 and end-
March 2014 have been derived by adding annual
flows [2012-13 (RE) and 2013-14 (BE)], to the
outstanding amounts for end-March 2012 and
end-March 2013, respectively, in conformity with
recommended methodology of ‘Report of the
Working Group on Compilation of State
Government Liabilities’, 2005. Based on the statewise
market loans (Statement 23), the maturity
profile of outstanding state government securities
is provided in Statements 24 and 25. These
Statements also incorporate the appropriation of
liabilities of the three bifurcated states (Bihar,
Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh) to their
respective newly formed states (Jharkhand,
Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand) on the basis of
Government of India notifications.
Note : State-wise data on major fiscal indicators for the period 1980-81 to 2009-10 (BE) and state-wise
detailed data on the transactions in the revenue and capital account for the period 1990- 91
to 2009-10 (BE) were presented in “Handbook of Statistics on State Government Finances”
published by the Reserve Bank in July 2010. This Handbook, containing data on 28 states and two
UTs, was released in three versions, viz., printed, CD and web-based (www.rbi.org.in) version.
While the printed version covers data on major fiscal indicators for the period 1990-91 to 2009-10
(BE) and state-wise detailed data on the transactions in the revenue and capital account for the
period 2002-03 to 2009-10 (BE), the CD and web-based versions are more comprehensive than
printed version covering data from 1980-81 onwards on major fiscal indicators and state-wise
detailed data on the transactions in the revenue and capital account from 1990-91 onwards. CD
version also incorporates intelligent search features. The issues of publication ‘State Finances:
A Study of Budgets’ published since 2001-02 are available on the Reserve Bank’s website. The
Reserve Bank of India also released ‘Compendium CD of Articles on State Finances from 1950-
51 to 2010-11’ in July 2011. This Compendium CD provides access to all the articles published
since 1950-51 to 2010-11 at one place.
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